Joseph Silk
Screen printing as a method of dying, was first practiced in China. The art was developed around 1000 AD. Eventually the method was adopted by Japan and some Asian countries. They added their own modifications to the original method and introduced block printing and certain manual painting tricks.
Screen printing was mainly introduced to the western continents by some of the Asian countries in the late 18th century. However, the method was not so popular in the European countries. But the situation changed with the introduction of silk mesh. Silk mesh was merchandized from the east. Thus a profitable outlet for screen printing was discovered.
In England screen printing was patented for the first time by Samuel Simon in the year 1907. It was primarily used as a medium to print exquisite wall papers, silk, linen, and other expensive fabrics. Different types of screen printers came into existence; however, in order to gain competitive dominance, quality printing techniques were kept secret from the outside world. In those days, several screen printers that worked on photo-reactive chemicals utilized actinic light based cross linking. They used compounds like traits of sodium, potassium, ammonium chromate etc. These chemicals were combined with gelatin and other types of glues.
Scientists in those days experimented different chemicals to improve the printing technology and quality. They experimented with salt sensitized emulsions to create photo-reactive stencils.
Commercial screen printing makes use of sensitizers which is far safer than bichromates used in the olden days. At present, different types of user-mixed and pre-sensitized emulsion chemicals are available for building photo-reactive stencils.
In 1928, Joseph Ulano discovered the method of using lacquer-soluble material for stencils used upon a removable base. The stencil material was carved and stuck against the mesh to produce prominent print patterns.
By this time screen-printing was quite popular in fabrics industry. And the technology was eventually adopted by artists too. For them it was a conveniently repeatable medium that helped them in replicating designs and blends without much labor.
At present, the printing technique is popular in commercial printing as well as fine arts. Screen printing is extensively used for printing posters, CDs, t-shirts and hats, ceramics, paper, wood, polyethylene, and metals.
In the 1930s, the technique was named as Serigraphy by a few artists who later on went on to create the National Serigraphic Society. The purpose was to give a different identity to this age old printing method.
According to Printer's National Environmental Assistance Center screen printing is perhaps one of the most resourceful printing processes ever developed. All the raw materials used in this type of printing are readily available and inexpensive.
Over the years, modern printing techniques were developed but they couldn't replace the application of screen printing which is far more vibrant and artistic in its make and finish. It is still used extensively in printing contemporary styled posters, flyers, album covers etc. Consequently, the demand for quality screen-printing is on a rise irrespective of the competition.
To learn more about the history of Screen Printing visit http://www.screenprinting.net/
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